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Bacteria Growth Curve

Bacterial growth is the division of one bacterium into two daughter cells in a process called binary fission. Providing no mutational event occurs the resulting daughter cells are genetically identical to the original cell. Hence, "local doubling" of the bacterial population occurs. Both daughter cells from the division do not necessarily survive. However, if the number surviving exceeds unity on average, the bacterial population undergoes exponential growth.The growth rate of bacteria is exponential. In the laboratory, under favorable conditions, a growing bacterial population doubles at regular intervals. Growth is by geometric progression: 1, 2, 4, 8, …..etc. Bacteria display a characteristic four-phase pattern of growth in liquid culture. The initial Lag phase is a period of slow growth during which the bacteria are adapting to the conditions in the fresh medium. This is followed by a Log Phase during which growth is exponential, doubling every replication cycle. Stationary Phase occurs when the nutrients become limiting, and the rate of multiplication equals the rate of death. Logarithmic Decline Phase occurs when cells die faster than they are replaced. (This latter occurs over a much longer period of time that the previous three.) (It is proposed that the transitional behavior of bacteria at the end of the lag phase can be explained on the basis of biological variability.)